Analisis Komparatif Peraturan Tindak Pidana Narkotika di Indonesia Dengan Amerika Serikat Dalam Upaya Pemberantasan Narkotika
Keywords:
Comparative Law, Drug Crime, Indonesia, United StatesAbstract
Drug abuse and illicit trafficking in Indonesia and the United States reflect different criminal policy orientations shaped by distinct legal systems and enforcement models. Indonesia regulates narcotics through Law No. 35 of 2009, which formally adopts a dual-track system combining punitive sanctions and rehabilitation, while the United States applies the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. §§ 801–971) within a multilevel federal–state framework that increasingly incorporates rehabilitative mechanisms such as drug courts. This study aims to comparatively examine the regulation of narcotics-related crimes in both countries and to analyze the implications of their differing policy approaches for the effectiveness of narcotics control. The research employs a normative juridical method using statutory and comparative approaches, based on the analysis of legislation, legal doctrines, and relevant scholarly literature. The findings show that, although Indonesian narcotics law provides a legal basis for rehabilitation, its enforcement remains predominantly punitive, contributing to prison overcrowding and limited treatment-oriented outcomes. In contrast, the United States combines strict enforcement against large-scale trafficking with more structured rehabilitative and diversionary programs for users, reflecting a gradual shift toward a public health-oriented approach. This study contributes by offering a comparative legal framework that highlights the practical consequences of punitive and rehabilitative models in narcotics law enforcement, and provides normative insights for policymakers in developing more balanced and proportional drug control policies.
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